طراحی نگاشت‌شناختی زیست‌بوم صادرات کالاهای صنعتی بخش خصوصی مبتنی بر چشم‌انداز شبکه‌های چند بازیگره (مورد مطالعه: شرکت‌های کوچک و متوسط)

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، سیاستگذاری بازرگانی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه گیلان, رشت، ایران.
2 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.
3 استادیار، گروه مدیریت، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران
چکیده
هدف این پژوهش، طراحی‌زیست‌بوم ‌صادرات ‌صنعتی در سطح شرکت‌های کوچک و متوسط است تا این بنگاه‌ها نیز بتوانند نقش پررنگی در رشد اقتصادی کشور داشته باشند. مبتنی بر ادبیات‌ پژوهشی 15 بازیگر اثرگذار بر عملکرد صادراتی بنگاه‌های صنعتی شناسایی شدند و رابطه میان آنها بهوسیله یازده خبره از وزارت صنعت، معدن و تجارت و اتاق بازرگانی ایران (که بهصورت نمونه‌گیری‌قضاوتی انتخاب شدند) از راه روش نگاشتشناختی علّی و نرم‌افزار یوسینت بررسی و تحلیل شدند. بازیگران اثرگذار بر عملکرد صادرات صنعتی بخش خصوصی در شرکت‌های کوچک و متوسط در چهار خوشه هژمونی ‌دانشی، فرهنگ ‌تولید، دیپلماسی ‌بازار و ساختار‌ انسانی بنگاه نیز دستهبندی شدند. سه خوشه اول تعامل دوطرفه و قوی با یکدیگر داشتند. خوشه ساختار انسانی بنگاه نیز بهعنوان یک عنصر زیرساختی مستقل بر خوشه‌های هژمونی ‌دانشی و فرهنگ ‌تولید مؤثر است. بنگاه‌ها باید برای دستیابی به عملکرد صادراتی بالا بر تمام این چهار خوشه تمرکز کرده و برای هرکدام از آنها، راهبردهای منحصربهفردی طراحی و پیاده‌سازی کنند. بیتوجهی به هریک از این چهار خوشه سبب پایینآمدن عملکرد صادراتی شرکت‌ها می‌شود. خوشه‌های دیپلماسی ‌بازار و فرهنگ ‌تولید، مفاهیم بدیعی به‌نظر میرسند که نیاز است تا شرکت‌ها برای کسب عملکرد صادراتی بالا، در این حوزه‌ها آموزش ببیند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Developing a Cognitive Map of Private Sector Industrial Goods Export Ecosystem Based on Multi-Actor Networks Visons: Case of SEM

نویسندگان English

Hamid Reza Tafaghodi 1
Mohammad Rahim Ramazanian 2
Keikhosro Yakideh 3
Mohsen Akbari 2
1 Ph.D. Student in Business Policy making, Department of Management, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
2 Associate Prof., Department of Management, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
3 Assistant Prof., Department of Management, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
چکیده English

The aim of this study is to design an industrial goods export ecosystem for SMEs, so that they can play a full role in the country's economic growth. Based on research literature, 15 actors influencing the export performance of industrial firms were identified and their relationship was analyzed by eleven experts from the Ministry of Industry, Mine and Trade, and the Iranian Chamber of Commerce, who were selected by judgmental sampling. Interviews have been analyzed through a causal cognitive mapping method and by Ucinet and Netdraw software. The actors influencing the export performance of the private sector in SMEs were classified into four clusters: Knowledge Hegemony, Culture of Product, Market Diplomacy, and human Structure of the Firm. The first three clusters have a strong and mutually interactive interaction, and the cluster of Human Structure of the Firm is also effective as an infrastructure element on Knowledge Hegemony and Cultures of Product. Enterprises should focus on all four of these clusters to achieve high export performance and design and implement unique strategies for each of them. Failure to pay attention to each of these four clusters will reduce the export performance of companies. Market Diplomacy, and Culture of Product are innovative concepts that companies need to learn in these areas for high export performance.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Ecosystem
Export
Industrial Goods
Private Sector
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