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Studying language, text and discourse in micro, native and local domains is one of the emphasized streams of research in the newest paradigm of strategy research, namely, “strategy as practice”. This critical study seeks to derive the “what” and “why” of the pattern of Iranian sport mangers decisions from the text of Iranian sport management using qualitative research and drawing on social constructivism philosophy. Accordingly, this study uses grounded analysis and induction-based coding approach through Atlas.ti – specific explorative analysis software. The conclusions are emerged from 12 semi-structured field interviews and 19 secondary documents. The samples result from a combination of purposeful, snowball, convenience, and theoretical sampling methods. Finally, it is discovered that the causal conditions of “economic uncertainty, managerial uncertainty, uncertainty of orientations ambiguity and uncertainty of politicized management” along with the intervening conditions of “past success, background, anxiety-relieving, power structure, and media role” shape the phenomenon of “certainty-demanding discourse” in the context of “stakeholders myopia and lack of independence”. These factors altogether construct the “legitimating strategy” and decisional consequences of tendency to “science, coalition, ethic, promotion, and adaptation”.  

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This paper is based on an interpretive ethnography conducted in a public organization ("Edareh"). This paper attempts to achieve some part of the ethnography’s goal to describe how "ideal worker" is socially constructed by the different organization’s stakeholders (managers and employees), so as to stay and to be “advantaged". This goes through the light of analyzing the two key events, that is to say "management changes" and "layoff". At first, drawing on Schneider and Ingram framework, the characteristics of “ideal worker” construct from new managers’ view, their sense making of the employees with this framework and trying to move into the full realization of the construct is expressed. Then, based on social construction efforts on the part of employees, their struggles to stay, to not being fired, and even to get promoted - intended to changing and modifying the new manager’s “ideal worker” construct - is described in the form of a manifesto for staying in “Edareh”.        

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Psychological safety is a critical base for individual, organizational and national performance, since managers who feel psychologically unsafe, do not have essential motives for productivity and excellence. It is reality of organizations that there are stage of jealousy, spitefulness, enmity, power games of peoples and groups. In these situations, it is important to bring about psychological safety for people in organization. Psychological safety means to feel safety in mind, emotion and behavior from side of other peoples and present personal opinions and do the jobs, without any anxiety and fear in organization. Many studies emphasis on effects of individual psychological safety based on personal, organizational and national variables, but there is not a quantitative and experimental research on formation of psychological safety in managers, especially among Iranian governmental industries. This research has taken Glaser's approach in GT to theorize process of forming psychological safety in Iranian governmental industries. Results of this research show that organizational factors, superior's leadership style, relationships between peers and subordinates and their competencies, eco-social climate of society, organizational atmosphere and psychological capital of everyone affect individual psychological safety. It can enforces job engagement, job satisfaction in managers and reduces stress and anxiety and willingness to expatriation in them.
 

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In this article, it has been tried to choose suitable production technology for a specific product with the use of Multiple Attribute Decision Making and TOPSIS Decision Making model. ELECTRE Decision Making Model has been used to evaluate and confirm the accuracy of its results. The offered model has been used for suitable Production technology in Paraffin Industry and the results have been compared with the view points of experinced experts in this industry.

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According to Fred Riggs's Prismatic Theory, ecology of public administration leads to the emerge of Sala model of administrative system in the third world countries. In Public Manager's Rotation, we belie that possessing public positions in administrative systems leads to the emerge of a specific ecology of public administration.

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The attention to servant leadership has increased in the recent years and different kinds of business, profit, educational and even governmental organizations have used servant leadership principles for managing their organizations. But doubts have been raised in regard to the effectiveness of implementing servant leadership for organizational effectiveness, especially, in governmental organizations. In the light of mixing Iranian culture with the goals of servantitude and importance of the topic, this article is concerned to test the effect of servant leadership on organizational effectiveness of Iranian governmental organizations through the two ways of leadership and followership effectiveness. For this purpose, after problem statement and reviewing the literature, the factors and the variables of theoretical research model was recognized and the respected questions were distributed among the managers and employees of 22 Iranian public organizations. T- student test was employed for examining the whole status of research dimensions. For testing the hypotheses, statistical tests of regression and Spearman correlation were employed. In examininig the relation between research dimensions, all of the relationships under study were verified. But the low score obtained for the mean of servant Leadership Measuring Instrument (OLA) in comparison to average mean explained that servant leadership is exercised weakly in Iranian public organizations while paternalistic leadership dominated them. Also the weak relationship of realization of organizational effectiveness through servant leadership - followership effectiveness denotes thelack of necessary attention to the followers and their role in organizational effectiveness. Finally, some suggestions are offered according to the results.

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In a recent decade there has been a great deal of interest in work engagement. This interest stems from evidences that show the strong relationship between engagement and individual and organizational outcomes. It has been reported that the level of employee engagement in organization is low. The decline in level of employee engagement costs organization billions of dollar in term of lost productivity. Different factors (such as job demands, job resources, personal resources) has been identified as antecedents and also different factor (such as organizational commitment, job satisfaction, Organizational citizenship behavior etc.) as consequences of work engagement. In this line, aim of this research is to explain antecedents of work engagement and its effect on organizational commitment. Results show that job resources (autonomy, social support, feedback, supervisory coaching, opportunities for development) and personal resources (self efficacy, proactive personality, conscientious trait) are work engagement antecedents. And work engagement has positive effect on organizational commitment.

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Attaining wellbeing and promoting standards of citizen's life is one of the pillars of national security of countries since a long time ago, and success of governments in achieving this goal is interpreted as one of their power elements, in a manner that guarantee of social member’s survival and achieving good and happy life is counted among major mission of governments. In present research, besides review of present literature about wellbeing, promoting national wellbeing is considered from perspective of improvement of public service qualities and good governance. Research methodology includes both descriptive and correlation analysis based on Structural Equation Modeling. Data was collected by means of documents and libraries studies. Research results indicated that improvement of good governance components result in national wellbeing promotion. Meanwhile, promoting good governance pave the way of wellbeing promotion in quantities direction such as gross domestic product, education, research, health and … and qualitative directions such as happiness. In other words, promoting good governance has dual objectives such as improvement of quantitative indexes like national product and growth of qualitative indexes such as decrease of social costs of economic growth, safeguarding resources for futur and stability of growth.

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The term paradigm has become a central issue in philosophy of science. Increasing attention to paradigm in public administration, as a branch of social science, is also highlighted. This paper attempts to analysis seven paradigms in public administration research and to study ontological, epistemological, methodological, rhetorical and axiological assumptions of the each paradigm. Finally, we briefly offer some potential areas of public administration that can be informed by seven research paradigm.

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In this article, it is argued that there is variation in the meaning of managerial competence for members of groups dealing with managers, and empirical study is proposed to grasp it. Next, application of this proposal is shown through a qualitative study using phenomenography method with 33 participants from employees of an organization. Research data is gathered through semi-structured interviews, and analysis shows six qualitatively different ways of experiencing managerial competence: Competence as being referral, as being developer, as being enabler, as being director, as being institutionalizer, and as being representative. In addition, these ways of experiencing are seen as embedded in a hierarchy constituted by four levels of personal management, employees’ management, work management and work foundation management; which shows their structural differences besides differences in their meanings.