---

Aims: Fatalistic employees take serious risks because they have limited knowledge of risks and accidents, leading them to under estimate the possibility of their occurrence. This research examined the effectiveness of safety training on changing employees’ fatalism with attention to the mediating role of attitude toward safety issues. Methods: 204 employees was selected according to the stratified random sampling method in Isfahan Steel Company, divided randomly into control group (n=103) and experimental group (n=101) and the questionnaires of safety attitude and fatalism were applied as data collection instruments. The data was collected before intervention, and educational intervention was then executed in four 90-minute sessions over four days. One month after intervention, post-test was performed and the collected data was analyzed using descriptive indexes, t- and F-tests. Findings: Results show that there was a significant statistical difference in average numbers of attitude toward safety issues and fatalism before and after training intervention (p<0.01). Also, mediation analysis indicated attitude toward safety issues mediated the effect of safety trainings on fatalism (p>0.05). Therefore, safety training only by promoting workers’ safety attitudes can change the fatalistic beliefs among employees. Conclusion: By understanding relationship between fatalism and safety attitude, it should be possible to improve the training of employees, such that are less likely to attribute accidents to chance or fate.

---

Abstract Introduction: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between organizational procrastination and cognitive arousal and burnout.  Method: This research is descriptive–correlation and the required data are obtained by using three questionnaire about organizational procrastination, dissonance arousal reduction and burnout scales on a sample of 100 individuals in Tehran governmental employees who are randomly chosen. Results: The results of correlation coefficient show that organizational procrastination is positively and significantly associated with cognitive arousal (p ≤ 0.01, r=0.402) and burnout (p ≤ 0.01, r=0.432). However, the correlation coefficient between burn-out and cognitive arousal (p ≥ 0.05, r= 0.191) is not significant. The results of the analysis prove a direct relationship between organizational procrastination and burn-out and cognitive arousal does not play a mediation role. Finally, the model is verified. Conclusion: The organizational procrastination level has influence on burnout level among Tehran governmental employees. Hence, some interventions to reduce organizational procrastination are recommended to decrease the burn-out.   Keywords: Organizational Procrastination, Cognitive Arousal, Burnout, Tehran Governmental Employees

---

The cultural rights encompass a wide scope of human rights. Many elements of human rights are categorized within cultural rights and others are somehow associated or indirectly dependent to them. In fact, many instances of cultural rights are assumed as the basis and foundation for the enjoyment of other human rights. Despite the importance of cultural rights, international human rights system (although passing a challenging process toward culmination) has not only responded to expectations but also created various concerns. The portion of cultural rights and formation of thoughts in this regard is not satisfactory within the international human rights studies, and many issues are disregarded.This paper, reviewing the main international instruments and scientific human rights researches, makes an effort to identify the process of recognition of cultural rights in the international human rights system to declare the significant issues of cultural rights in international human rights to distinguish the cultural rights elements and, based on the aforementioned studies, to clarify the achievements and challenges of implementation of cultural rights. The paper will be concluded with some theoretical and practical suggestions and recommendations for future studies.