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This research is aimed at evaluating relationship between job satisfaction and separation - individuation in native and non- native managers in Gilan province. Research sample consisted of 277 native and non-native managers who were selected by Morphy and Myors table for sample size according to effect size. Jaj and Bono and separation - individuation scale were used to assess job satisfaction Instruments. Results indicate that the job satisfaction of local executives is more than non-native managers. Also there is significant differences between native and non- native managers regarding separation - individuation. There are meaningful relation between job satisfaction and separation-individuation. This relation is bigger for non-native Managers. The non-native administrators can be chosen according to their performance on separation - individuation scale so that their satisfaction could be higher. Researchers also suggested for further studying structural relationship between attachment and job satisfaction.

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Various basidiomycetes and deuteromycetes, grown in liquid and solid culture media, were compared for their laccase-producing ability and for the inducing effect of soil and agricultural residues on laccase production. Laccase activity in extracts of all solid media was higher than that of the liquid media. In liquid cultures, fungal laccase activity in ex-tracts of pea (Pisum sativum) straw-treated media compared with the other agricultural residue-treated media was significantly low. The laccase-producing ability of Polyporus sp. compared with the other fungi was significantly high whereas that of Trichoderma reesei was markedly low. Laccase activity of Phanerochaete chrysosporium under liquid conditions was strikingly low, however, under solid conditions it increased more than that of the other fungi. With the addition of soil to wheat and rice straw-treated solid media, fungal laccase activity increased significantly.